stílus 1 (fehér)
stílus 2 (fekete)

+ betűméret | - betűméret   



Korunk 2009 Május

Abstracts and Keywords

 


László Fosztó

Debates and Tendencies in Romani Research: An Outline for Public Policies

Keywords: Romani, minorities, migration, cultural services, public policy

Submitted as a critical examination of the relevant scholarly literature, the survey maps out the paradigms of social research employed in the study of the Romani, focusing especially on those recent problems which arise in the relationship between majority society and Romani communities. First, the author reviews and discusses the existing theories on the origins, migration, and cultural strangeness of the Romani. In the second part, he considers the intercultural relationships in which they are generally involved in. Third, the question of “cultural services” is being addressed, in order to conclude with a reflection on possible future public policies for the benefit of this minority group.

 

Gábor Gángó

The Hungarian Minority Act from 1868 and Its Aftermath

Keywords: Hungary, minority act, nationalism, Ferenc Deák, nationality legislation

Examining the parliamentary debates of the epoch and the contemporary political writings on the Hungarian minority act from 1868, the author sets out to assess how far this legislation process predetermined the framework of reasoning about nationality matters in Hungarian legislation up to the present day. He argues that the spiritual father of the act, Ferenc Deák, was not as much motivated by arrogant nationalism as by his intentions to defend the then existing political space of the Hungarian community. Nevertheless, his notorious statement about the “one and indivisible Hungarian nation” returned in the 21st century Hungarian legislation on ethnic Hungarians living in the neighbouring countries.

 

Gyula Kozák

Identity and Integration Discourses of Muslim Institutions from Romania

Keywords: Romania, Muslims, identity, Dobruja model, sporadic integration

Romanian debates on Muslim identity are shaped by two major processes: the globalization of the “war on terrorism”, and the immigration from the Middle East, which also generates fears and hostility in the majority population. As a response, the representational institutions of the Muslims have developed various standpoints, associated with different identity models suggested to the communities they represent. The Dobruja model vigorously stresses the symbolic aspects of religious and ethnic identity and proposes communal isolationism, while the concurrent model of sporadic integration, albeit admitting a sense of national identification with the country of origin, shows itself to be much weaker from an institutional point of view. Hence, Muslim identity in Romania, conceived of monolithically by the general majority population, is in fact very much a controversial issue on the institutional level of the Romanian Muslim communities themselves.

 

Zsuzsa Plainer

Beer Sellers, Pastry-Cooks, and Nation Builders: An Outline of the History of Albanians in Romania

Keywords: Albanians, Romania, minority, migration, assimilation, nation-building, ethnicity

The Albanian minority in Romania has always had comparatively less publicity than Hungarians or Romani; after all, presently its numbers barely exceed some five hundred members. Working within the confines of a larger project of the Romanian Institute for Research on National Minorities, the author presents the main stages of their history in this country: the first wave of migration from the 16th century, which ends in assimilation to the Romanians; their "heyday" in the 19-20th centuries, a time of nation-building projects advanced by intellectuals, and also supported by the bulk of the population working as small merchants; the years of state communism, a period of underground organizing activities as well as of renewed assimilation; concluding with the formal national minority institutions and rediscovery of Albanian ethnicity made possible in the nineties.

 

Pál Tamás

Possible Functions for a "Mother Country": Changing Paradigms, Shifting Latitudes

Keywords: Hungary, mother country, paternalism, civil sphere, conflict management, trust

In this article, the author argues for a new kind of responsible attitude of Hungary as a mother country towards ethnic Hungarians from abroad. This updated role of national solidarity seeks to disburden itself from what he characterizes as one-sided paternalism, as the Hungarian homeland would try to hand over the initiative to the minority groups, to increasingly and on both sides involve the civil sphere instead of state control, and to set aside the conflict management paradigm of foreign policy in order to take actions aimed at building and enhancing trust relationships.

 

Ilka Veress

Identity Narratives of the Armenians from Gherla

Keywords: Gherla, Armenians, identity types, narrative

Building upon an analysis of the different experiences along which Armenian identity types manifest themselves, followed by the examination of their patterns of integration into unitary biographical narratives, the empirical study detects those mechanisms, occurrences, rites, and cultural practices by ways of which Armenian identity manifests and reproduces itself in the city of Gherla in Romania. There live many different Arme-nians here: the boastful, the aboriginal-nostalgic, some of humble origins, as well as temporarily estranged ones who find their way back in the community, and they talk different idioms about their origins, prospects, personal and communal lives.

 

Vissza az oldal tetejére

+ betűméret | - betűméret